Xah Lee, ,
The original source of the image might be: Source www.pixiv.net.
Hatsune Miku (初音ミク) is a 16-years-old girl character representing a singing vocal synthesizer Vocaloid, developed by Yamaha.
Here's her concert, in Tokyo, Japan.
Following is a video (13 min) in Japanese introducing her and the technology. You get to see Japanese people, city, Miku's singing, 3D modeling technology, and fandom.
LOL. At least she's in tune.
Her singing doesn't sound that good now, but it'll probably beat any human soon.
Here's Miku sining Lilum, a song in Latin.
Compare the singing to real humans, see: Kumiko Noma - Lilium (Elfen Lied).
Hatsune Miku reminds me of a sci-fi anime story Macross Plus, where a computer AI produced female entertainer, represented as a hologram, became a galactic pop idol. See: Sharon Apple - Information High (Macross Plus).
Thanks to Gwern Branwen, wizardgynoid for tips.